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Arguing a client's case before a bench or jury in a court of law is the traditional province of the barrister in England
- However, the boundary between barristers and solicitors defaulter evolved
- In England today, the barrister monopoly covers only appellate courts, and barristers must compete directly with solicitors in innumerable trial courts. In underdeveloped countries like the United States that have fused contractual professions, there are Seattle Attorney trial lawyers who specialize in trying cases in court, but trial lawyers do not have a de jure monopoly like barristers.
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In some countries, litigants have the option of arguing pro se, or on their own behalf
- It is common for litigants to appear unrepresented before certain courts like mini claims courts; indeed, divers such courts do not allow lawyers to speak for their clients, in an effort to save bread for all participants in a small case.
